Ventilator



ov. 23, 1943. y c. w. oLsoN K 2,334,789

VEN TILATOR Filed Oct. 27. 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR s ATTO R N EYSmov. 23, 1943. c. w. oLsoN VENTILATOR- Filed oct. 27, 1941 2Sheets-Sheet 2 R O T N E v N ATTORNEYS v of Figure 4.

Patented Nov; 23, 1943 QVENTILATOR f l v-(larl WL Olson, Minneapolis,Minn.V

application oetofbefzv, i941, serial No. 416,706

` laclantis. cisti-43)@ My invention relatesV torooin ventilationgiand uY has among its cbjects'and advantagesl'tliepro-l` vision of ,aniinprovedjiangunit' `particuleuly adapted for ltitclmen- Ventilatingpurposesg' `Heretofore ltitclierifventilators;V have been irl-1Ystalled, in wall. openings;` Such systems have employed chains orsticks. for vopening and closing doorsin the Ventilating'`systememployed as@ i protection against draft and cold. Tloesesyefi temspermit cold to be transmitted 'or conducted through tire-relativelylarge steel.;suri'aces, which are Vseldonr built. tosuch fa; degree ofvmecl'ianical perfection as to*eliminatelriackgrait.,Av

Oflate, ceiling ventilationV hasvbecorne; the general idea* ofkitchenzventilatiomuwith .afan

operating behind ajgrill,` intakel positioned` di; f rectly overthe-range, andexliaustingthrougli a pipexor eluctbe'tweerntlieiioistsAto the atmosphere. Accordingliv,` an; pbjectrotmy lim/criticit` to Aprovi-:leva novel? 'Ventilating"units"designed,` for incorporationin the`.Wall olii-,lies ceiling, in wli'ich a novel i centrifuga'r faireorgtizrboblcwer is fern-w manner, andanI which the :system employs self*closing shutters which effectivelyprevent'l back 4 the specific`construction.

' toy a washer-like.air-deflecting plate 32.

la and communicating with a weather hood- `'ze located exteriorly of.`the building Wall 26.-`

Referring to Figures '3' and 4,; which illustrate of `the uri-it lli,`the irilet neck I 3 is locatedat the bottom sideffa fan orblovverrhousing 28=Within` which is mounted an. electricimotor 3l).-VThis motor is'secured The motor" 3tlextendspartly through the "openingin"tl1ezplate.32`,and is secured to the plate by set screws 34.-Projections 36 depend from the top Wall 38` of the housing 28 v'andserve as' mountsfor tlrep'late 32. t Bolts 40 extend through openingsin. the plate 32 and are threaded into the projections 36for iixe lysecuring the plate, withv rubber cushioning `washers 42 mounted on thebolts between the-plate andthe respective Ylooltl'ieads and projections33;

To the Vertical motor shaft Mis' secured a centrifugal fan-.orturboblower unit` 45. This unit vcomprises.- adome-shaped shell;onair-de- K ecting,.48 ope-ning' ini` the direction of therriotorployed'and .designed-ltooperateirrian efficient' circulation and openfinresponseto air pressure u generated upon. setting-'the vsysteminopera-tion. Novel means. are' incorporated to protect-"the motor:against accumulationv lofi grease and f dirt,

witlitbe system sofdesignedfasfto (meratelin` an exceedinglysilentfmanner. f

In the accompanying drawings: f l liigurel is asectionalviw-.otafceilingstruca ture illustrating Vmy invention sincorporated therein; i I l l Figure v2 is4 a sectional view ofaiwallstructure illustrating the invention incorporated therein;

Figure 3 is abotto ugalfan unit; f

l'i'gurefl` is aside section' i l l man View les nieesami@elevational-.ritmi partly `iniA the blades 3S and: ofcsucli diameterasftaper-mit themotor' i toprojectaslaor't distance,insideS the shell; To

the shellillii fare connected radial! blades lli lol cated abovechemist, neel;- ta and rotating'f-in ai astopr-ovidean;aircirculatingspace 52 extendn ing completely` about the ian unit t6and ccm-V Figure 5 is a sectional view along tneline ELE of Figure 4;vand Y Figure 6 is a sectional View along the line 5-#5 rIn theembodiment selected for illustration, Figure 1 illustrates the,centrifugal fan or turboblower unit lil installed in the ceilingstructure l2. The uniti@ Vis'of such proportions as topermit'installation thereof between ceiling joists of usual spacing. An`opening Ill is provided in the ceiling face i6 for accommodating aninlet neck I 8 of the unit I0, with a horizontal'duct 2@ connectedwlthan outlet neck 22 of the unit `muriicating Withthe'inletneck I8 as wellas the outlet neck .22. Y Y Y Normally closing the outlet neck 221s aishutter" `56I lying.' against theA end 5810i the` outlet neck.Thelshutter' pivotally connected'at Elli tothe neel; 2.2and'mayfpivotfrom its normallyclosed` position to :its-fully "opened position, asindicatedV inrdotted lines. `-To the'sliutter A513 is connected a Weight62 so'located with respect to the pivotal axis of `the shutter as toeffectively 'hold the shutter in its closed position and prevent,laccidental opening or rattling thereof. `In addition, the position ofthe Weight with respect tothe pivot axis issuch as to have aprogressively decreasing closing influence on the shutter as it`progresses toward its fully opened position. The shutter opens inresponse to air pressure generated by the fan unit, and the shutteroiers little resistance when in its fully opened position sro as ENTcrimes-j InFig'ure 1, rthe Weather with a shutter 613 normally engagingan 'alout` ment V66 and pivotally connectedat with the weather hood forpivital movement-in the lsame i manner as the shutter 55. 'A Weight .lilis ,atnv tached to the shutter 64 and operates in the same Y .Y not tovobstructv ilovv of exhaust air through the outlet neck 22. Y

hood 2' is provided manner as the Weight E52.V l

One end of i the duct Z vmay be fsoldered to the outlet neck 22 whilethe other end of the'duct is soldered to a neck 12 on the weather hood2li.

A grill 14 extends across the inlet neck i8. Y

.82 corresponding to the shutter 6d of'Fgure l.;l In order to render theshutter 56 of the unit l0 Y Aself-closing when the unit isinstalled'vertically inthe building Wall, a lever 84 is pivotally con- Vnected'intermediate its ends with the top wall of the neck 22, as at 86,for closing the shutter A weight E8 is inoperative with respect toclosingVV the shutter. When, however, the unit is verti- -v callyinstalled in accordancewith Figure 2, the

In operation, the ventilatingstructure is easily Y' installed in aconventional ceiling structure. The centrifugal fan unit i6 operateswith .positive force and drives a large volume of air througharelatively small duct, whichY can not be accom-` fank unit isjshut down.I prefer to incorporate "in all'units so plished with the general typeofbladeians, Ysuch fans requiring relatively large ,ducts todeliver thejexhaust air to the atn'losph'ere. v For that reaSOmthefdeIiVeryduct andthe outside'shutter,

typesofunits ,Y ,i The motor 33v may-be electrically. connected 1 aswellasatheinside shutter, maybeof relatively small sizes, whichgreatly., reduces the heat transfer areas.- f

`Both shutters are automatic,y andtheV shutters areasp, balanced astoclose againstjamb sur.-

faces, `thusv eliminating,objectionable closures whereinshutters'operate'between the sides of a` pipe or lvopening, thelatterconstructionsY reduiring such loose fitting as to' permit draft iandcold air toV rushback'into the room. lThe vair under pressure from thefan unit opens the shut- Yters to fixed points where they exert *theleast resistance against the ilow ofv thev exhaust` air, Thusv Ivprovide a' draitfproofr shutter structure,v which Works Vautomaticallywithgthe operation of the fan and offers,r very' little. resistancetolthe ireeair,flovv'fronrthefan;V

rI'he -fan housing `28is shaped ingsuch a manner kthatthe `centrifugalaction ofl theblower draws the air ,in through'th'e grill coveredopeningand'v distributes the air .against-the curved sides of y the fanhousing. Because of the'back -or air# deflectingj'plate 32 Whichis flatand "locatedfin fajplane normal `to the axis of thear inletopening;V I8I 'and intersecting the air outlet i opening Y Y22, `the air'ais forcedupwardalong theI curved 'sidesCofthe housing and :over the back plateandthen through the shutteropening and to the duct 2 for passage-to theatmosphere. 'The curved contour of the fan housing provides a silent lowof the air with greatly increased om# cienoy;A While a large ,amountkoithe-exhaust airgoes out' directly lthrough the shutter open.-

55. One vend of the lever is provided with a' Y Weight 8 8 and its otherend is pivotally connected with a rigid link rpivotally connected at 92-vvith the shutter 5. When the-unit` iii is installedfin accordancewithFiguresv la'nd Ll, the

weight 88 operates to close thefshutter when the the weight closingstructure of Figures 5 and 6 either horizontally or vertically, therebyeliminating the necessity of with Wires in a conduitA leading to anoutlet box 9'6 provided With'avconventiona'l switch y98.

Without further elaboration, 'the foregoing uwill y Y so fullyillustrate my invention, ythat others may,

byI applying current knowledge, l readily adapt the same for ruse under'.various conditions of service.,. f Y, f-

A I claim: f

1.V A .ventilator wallsv-th'ereof, the Aplate-being at and located in-aplanefnormalvtoithe axis of the air `inlet` opening .andvintersecting-the air voutlet opening,

anelectric. motor extending' partly through the opening in theVplatewith'its'shaft in alignment with the axis .of the air inletopening, a substantially-semispherical;shel1:fiXed:to the shaft withitslopensidefacingthe;;p1ate,and lblades ex-j tendingradiallyfromV theshell, the upper edges 1 of theshelland vloladesqloeing closeftothesplate.A

2. Aventilator comprisingahousing having an A air inlet-openingandanfairoutlet opening, a fan Within the housing, a -motor'for drivingthe fan; y

a shutter for theoutletggopening hinged 'at one side of `said,openir1g,;a weight xed to theshutter near thehinged edge, thereofV for holdingtheshutter closed when `the fan is atjrest and thehousing isdn ahorizontal position, alever ing Without passing over` the loackplatey32;`the l back plate does insureagainst recirculation'of the air throughthe tendency of thelblow'er'to 'draw-air fromthe rear side.

Figure `2 Aillustrates .the unit Il! mounted ver` tically in the wallvT5. VIn suchan installation,

l the Weather'hood 18 is connected withvthe neck 22` through: themedium-` of a; short conduit Bil.

, The weather hood- 78 is provided witha shutter pivoted between'itsends yWithin the housing'at ,the opposite side of the air outletopening and provided at oneendwith a weight, and a member pvotallyconnected -tothe other end of the lever Y Y and tothe Shutternearthefree vedge of the latter, the Weighted lever being adapted topholdtheshutter closed when the housing is inavertical position with the airinlet opening facing"r that the latter may be installed manufacturingtwo speciiicv comprising a .housir'iigv khaving' an air inletfopeninginits bottom wall and an air outlet opening .in its side-wall, an airdeflecting plate having acentr'alopening and securedv withinthe-housingbetween the top and bottom

